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              <text>SPECIFICATIONS&#13;
&#13;
Of the manner of executing a certain Building proposed&#13;
to be added to the Rotunda on the north side of the Uni-&#13;
versity buildings; reference being had to the Drawings&#13;
hereunto annexed:&#13;
&#13;
GENERAL DIMENSIONS OF BUILDING&#13;
&#13;
Main Building         105 feet long, 55 feet wide&#13;
&#13;
Colonnade between      55 feet do.,  25 feet do.&#13;
&#13;
Portico--North End     55 feet do.,  25 feet do.&#13;
&#13;
Sub-Basement Story     14 feet high in the clear&#13;
&#13;
Basement Story         14 feet do.           do,&#13;
&#13;
Principal Story        21 feet do.           do.&#13;
&#13;
Upper Story to eaves and cove of roof, 18 to 20 feet high.&#13;
EXCAVATION.&#13;
&#13;
Dig out the whole area, designated on the drawing to the&#13;
depth, level with the surface of the ground at the north end&#13;
of the building, or beginning at 150 north of the present &#13;
Rotunda building, and of a width between the terraces, equal&#13;
to 185 feet, using the earth so excavated in raising and forming&#13;
the terraces designated on the drawing.&#13;
&#13;
After levelling off this area so excavated, dig out for the&#13;
footings of the walls two feet deep, and of width correspond-&#13;
ing to the thickness of the walls laid down on the Plans.--&#13;
Should the earth thus taken out of this area not suffice to&#13;
make up these terraces, other earth in the neighborhood to&#13;
be used to complete the same. Should a wall front this terrace&#13;
the earth will be only sloped outwardly. After the footings&#13;
of the walls are dug our the beds of the trenches are to be&#13;
beaten down to a solid consistence to receive the foundation&#13;
walls, and after they are laid and sett [sic], to fill in and ram down&#13;
the ground with wooden rammers. Should any springs of wa-&#13;
ter be met with, proper drains are to be formed to lead off these&#13;
and other waters. Level off and grade the sectional ground&#13;
lines designated on the drawings. In the sub-basement, no&#13;
earth is to be left nearer than 9 inches to any floor or other&#13;
timbers,--such cavities to be filled with dry materials--bro-&#13;
ken stone, &amp;c. No useless or other materials to be left on the&#13;
&#13;
2&#13;
&#13;
ground, and should any water from rains, &amp;c., settle in the&#13;
foundations the same to be baled out or led off by under-drains,&#13;
cess-pools, &amp;c. The excavation will not commence nearer to&#13;
the foundations of the present building than 20 feet.&#13;
&#13;
MASONRY AND BRICK WORK&#13;
&#13;
Dimensions of Walls&#13;
&#13;
Footings of foundations outside, 4 Bricks&#13;
&#13;
Sub-basement Walls       do.     3 1-2 do.&#13;
&#13;
Basement                 do. 2 1-2 do.&#13;
&#13;
Superstructure           do. to eaves, 2 do.&#13;
&#13;
Partition Walls footing, 2 1-2 do.&#13;
&#13;
                         Do. do. 1 1-2 do.&#13;
All the bricks used in the building to be of the best hard&#13;
burnt brick, and laid in the best and most workmanlike man-&#13;
ner, in good mortar made with stone lime and sharp sand, in&#13;
the proportion of not less than 4 to 5 of sand to one of un-&#13;
slacked lime--the lime to be first slacked in a box, and when&#13;
thoroughly dissolved to be thrown into the bed of sand and&#13;
well mixed and worked together. The facing the outside&#13;
walls to be with pressed brick, laid in Flemish bond, flat joints&#13;
well settled down and bound with the interior part of the wall&#13;
and prepared for painting. The other parts of the walls to be&#13;
laid in American bond (3 stretchers to one header)&#13;
&#13;
When the foundations are laid, care must be taken that the&#13;
ground has been well rammed and settled down previously to&#13;
laying the brick.&#13;
&#13;
The foundation walls will be so laid that the axis of both&#13;
walls, upper and lower, shall be in the same plane or be per-&#13;
pendicular with each other, so that the bearing shall be equal&#13;
on each side; every course of brick laid throughout the build-&#13;
ing to be well bedded and joints flushed up with mortar; no&#13;
bats to be allowed except for closures, or where weight only is&#13;
required, as in the spandrils of the arches forming the terraces&#13;
of porticos. Provision is to be made in constructing the&#13;
walls for all the furnaces, &amp;c., the smoke and air-flues required&#13;
in the building, whatever chimnies are carried out the shafts to&#13;
be raised to the height designated at least equal to those in the&#13;
present building; all flues to be 1 1-2 bricks square,&#13;
well pargetted, and cleaned out after the chimnies are topped&#13;
out; dead arches to be thrown as the openings in the present build-&#13;
ing. The bricks capping the chimnies must be laid with hy-&#13;
&#13;
3&#13;
&#13;
draulic mortar well pargetted, and where other walls are exposed&#13;
to the weather, the same precaution is to be used.&#13;
&#13;
To form the terraces or floors of the portico and colonnade,&#13;
groin arches are to be turned, laid in hydraulic mortar, spandrils&#13;
filled up with brick, flush and level, ready for paving with tile&#13;
or brick.&#13;
&#13;
Where fire places are introduced 4 inch Trimmer arches are&#13;
to be turned for the hearths; care must be taken that no timbers&#13;
be allowed to touch the smoke flues or fire places.&#13;
&#13;
Bed, in mortar, all bond timber, wall, or other plates, lintels,&#13;
wooden bricks, tamplates, stone or other work connected with&#13;
the brick work; all the door and window frames to be bedded&#13;
in and pointed round with lime and hair mortar. Back up&#13;
whatever of cut stone is laid in the walls.&#13;
&#13;
Portico and Colonnade.--Provide and execute walls for&#13;
piers and arches for carrying the columns, as shown on the&#13;
drawing. Carry up the columns of the same dimensions of&#13;
those of the present Portico, the bricks solidly laid in hydrau-&#13;
lic mortar, the facing prepared for stucco work, the bases and&#13;
caps of these column (to be formed of cast iron) to be built&#13;
in with the brick work. Dead arches to be thrown above the&#13;
architrave level of Portico to sustain the wall of the tympanum&#13;
of pediment, which is to be faced in the same manner with the&#13;
external walls described.&#13;
&#13;
Form arch-way and terrace of entrance to the north, through&#13;
and under terrace on this side, with wing walls outside to&#13;
sustain the sloping bank; grade and pave the court all round&#13;
the building, forming the necessary gutters and drains; the &#13;
bricks to be laid in clean sand, not less than 6 inches thick.&#13;
&#13;
Lay whatever hearths are required in the building. Do what-&#13;
ever other brick work is required about the building, whether&#13;
of walls or paving. All the above work to be done in the most&#13;
substantial and workmanlike manner, with the best material,&#13;
the contractor to secure the stability of his work from all set-&#13;
tlement or other damage during the time of building, and to&#13;
make good the same as the architect shall direct.&#13;
&#13;
Provide good and sufficient scaffolding, which is to&#13;
remain for the use of the other mechanics or artificers that may&#13;
have occasion for the use of the same.&#13;
&#13;
CARPENTER AND JOINER&#13;
&#13;
All the floors throughout the building to be constructed of&#13;
the best quality heart stuff, the joists to be all framed into gir-&#13;
ders supported by cast iron pillars or columns--the floors to be&#13;
&#13;
4&#13;
&#13;
counter-ceiled, filled in with lime or refuse plaster, brick chips&#13;
or such like material, and plastered over, leaving about 1-2 inch&#13;
space below the top of the joists, the joists to have the usual&#13;
camber (say 1-2 inch,) and to be not more than 12 inches&#13;
apart from each other; the floors to be laid with 1 1-4 inch&#13;
narrow heart boards, secret nailed, cross-jointed, the ends&#13;
tongued into each other, and the whole dressed off in the best&#13;
manner.&#13;
&#13;
The girders to be bridged and well dress, the ends secured&#13;
firmly in the walls. For the ground floor, dwarf walls will be&#13;
built to receive the ends of the joists, which will be well bridg-&#13;
ed and counter-ceiled before the floor is laid.&#13;
&#13;
The roof to be framed with principal rafters, with Queen&#13;
posts, to admit of a cove ceiling to be executed; as the cast&#13;
iron columns will extend up to the eaves of roof, these princi-&#13;
pals with their strut beam will rest or be supported 10 feet&#13;
from each wall by these columns. (For the plan of this roof&#13;
see drawing.)&#13;
&#13;
The rafter stuff of this roof to be laid as purlieus on the&#13;
rafters, so as to allow the boarding for the covering of the roof&#13;
to range up and down, instead of cross-wise. Form the neces-&#13;
sary gutter-ways on the roof.&#13;
&#13;
Rib the cove ceiling, formed of inch boards, doubled and&#13;
cross-jointed, throughout the whole length of the building, in-&#13;
cluding the Portico and Colonnade, the distance of the ribs not&#13;
to exceed 16 inches from centre to centre and properly braced&#13;
or bridged. Frame the ceiling of portico and Colonnade in a &#13;
substantial manner to form a floor for that part of the upper&#13;
story extending under the roof here, and lay a floor over the&#13;
same equal to those before described.&#13;
&#13;
Frame and set the galleries on the principal floor agreeably&#13;
to drawing, all round the room, supported by the cast iron&#13;
columns before described--floor the same, and enclose it with&#13;
a light cast iron balustrade. For particulars refer to plans to be&#13;
furnished by the Architect. Provide suitable benches to all the &#13;
Lecture rooms, exhibition rooms and galleries, according to&#13;
Plans. Provide rostrums to each of these rooms agreeably to&#13;
drawings to be furnished; wide moulded skirtings to be carried&#13;
round all the rooms. The finish of the windows and doors to &#13;
correspond with those in the present building.&#13;
&#13;
The dimensions of the basement windows to be increased in&#13;
height as per drawing, more than those in this story of the&#13;
present building. In the upper or museum story, alcoves are&#13;
to be formed and shelved for mineral subjects, &amp;c.; the divis-&#13;
ions to be made according to plan, with a window in each.&#13;
&#13;
5&#13;
&#13;
Should additional space be required, the upper story or roof&#13;
floor is to be fitted up by galleries, and alcoves or recesses&#13;
extending over the ceilings of portico and colonnade, communi-&#13;
cating with by the stair cases in the angles, and from the galle-&#13;
ries of the Rotunda, lighted from above. Reference to the&#13;
drawings will explain the whole arrangement. Form a trap&#13;
door over one of the stair-ways with steps of communication&#13;
with roof. Construct an open newel winding stair-way, trian-&#13;
gular well-hole, mitred nosings and risers, plain brackets, con-&#13;
tinued cylinder hand-rails of mahogany, square balusters,&#13;
dovetailed into steps with occasional iron balusters, double&#13;
turned newels of large diameter, with a turned cap to suit the&#13;
hand-rail, to mitre to; a little dress or declination to be given&#13;
to each step, the rise not to exceed 7 1-2 inches. The stairs&#13;
are to start from the sub-basement floor, and to continue to the upper&#13;
or eave floor or roof; the height of the hand-rail to be not less&#13;
than three feet to 39 inches above the steps.&#13;
&#13;
Provide, set, and remove all the centres of the arches under&#13;
the porticos and terraces--lintels to all the windows and doors&#13;
--wood-bricks, &amp;c., for the bricklayer to wall in for securing&#13;
the wood work inside.&#13;
&#13;
Provide and set the entablature, soffets, and architrave inside&#13;
of the columns of the portico--all round the building, with the raking&#13;
cornice of the portico, pediment corresponding with that in the&#13;
present building, except it should be deemed best to substitute&#13;
stucco or mastic work in place of wood work in parts of the&#13;
same, of which due notice will be given by the architect.&#13;
&#13;
All of the above work to be done in the best and most work-&#13;
manlike manner, with the best quality heart or white pine.&#13;
&#13;
The ironmongery, used to be of the best finish and quality.&#13;
&#13;
STONE CUTTER&#13;
&#13;
Prepare and assist the bricklayer to set all the window and&#13;
door sills of cut stone, required about the building; the stone&#13;
to be laid in the direction of its natural bed in the quarry.--&#13;
Run a stone belting course, with a proper wash around the&#13;
building of the height of the portico floor, 7 inches high, and&#13;
in length not less than 4 feet, the vertical joints to be cramped&#13;
with iron not less than 12 inches long. The curb-stone round&#13;
the portico and colonnade to be brought to a width not less than&#13;
12 inches bed.&#13;
&#13;
Provide and set in their places No. 14 stone plinths for col-&#13;
umns and 6 for pilastres, of the dimensions of those in the &#13;
Rotunda building, Portico, &amp;c.&#13;
&#13;
6&#13;
&#13;
Prepare and set all such other cut stone work as may be&#13;
ordered by the architect for other parts of the building.&#13;
&#13;
PLASTERER&#13;
&#13;
Plaster all the interior walls and ceilings throughout the&#13;
building, with three-coat-work floated to a straight and smooth&#13;
surface, with the best quality lime, sand, and hair. Run a&#13;
stucco moulded cornice around the ceiling of the exhibition&#13;
room, and in such other rooms as may be directed by the&#13;
architect. Form in stucco three centre pieces in the&#13;
ceiling of the exhibition room, according to drawing to be&#13;
furnished by the architect. Run projecting beads on all&#13;
the outer angles. Run such mouldings as may be required&#13;
round the openings of the sky-light. Do whatever other plas-&#13;
tering in stucco work that may be required in and about the&#13;
building, and clear off all plaster rubbish and scaffolding in&#13;
and about the building.&#13;
&#13;
PAINTER, GLAZIER AND GLASS&#13;
&#13;
Glaze all sashes about the building, after priming and&#13;
sizing, with the best quality Redford crown glass--clear and&#13;
free from spots or winds--bedded in putty, and back puttied&#13;
and fastened. The sizes of the glass will be the same as in&#13;
the adjoining building (Rotunda) according to their ranges,&#13;
those of the basement and sub-basement excepted, which will&#13;
be about as large as those above. All the sashes to be painted&#13;
once in size and three coats in oil on the outside with the best&#13;
quality of white lead. All the dressed wood work inside once&#13;
in size and twice in the most approved manner, with or with-&#13;
out oil, as may be directed by the architect; and all the outside&#13;
wood and iron work three times in oil---using the best quality&#13;
lead and oil.&#13;
&#13;
If required, paint the whole of the exterior walls of the&#13;
building with four-coat-work. 1st coat, saturating the brick&#13;
face with oil; 2d coat, coating the whole with yellow ochre paint;&#13;
3d and 4th, coats of pure white lead and oil, with a tint of&#13;
yellow ochre, forming a light stone color. Clean all the win-&#13;
dows, at the finishing of the building, and if required, finish&#13;
the principal story doors in oak or wood colors, as may be&#13;
ordered.&#13;
&#13;
7&#13;
&#13;
PLUMBER&#13;
&#13;
Prepare and fix a metal roof of tin or galvanized iron, as&#13;
may be hereafter directed, of the best quality, over the whole&#13;
of this building; the carpenter to prepare the ground work for &#13;
the same. Form the requisite gutters and down pipe, as may&#13;
be directed by the architect. Finish round the sky-lights party&#13;
walls and chimney stacks, and do whatever other work that is&#13;
necessary to complete and secure the roof from leakage. Pro-&#13;
vide and fix to the walls, &amp;c., the requisite pipes for the pas-&#13;
sage of the bell wires or speaking tubes while the brick work is&#13;
in progress--all to be done in the most workmanlike manner, &#13;
and with the best quality material of the kind.&#13;
&#13;
IRON WORK&#13;
&#13;
Provide and assist to fix in their places all the wrought iron&#13;
work required by the carpenter or bricklayer during the pro-&#13;
gress of the building, such as clamps, bolts, hold-fasts, window&#13;
and chimney bars, and such like other work.&#13;
&#13;
FOUNDER&#13;
&#13;
Provide and fix in their places the requisite cast iron round&#13;
columns of a neat pattern for the different stories of the build-&#13;
ing, the lengths corresponding with those named under the&#13;
head of "Carpenter"--the diameters to be proportional to the&#13;
weight to be sustained beyond the common proportion, which&#13;
information will be hereafter furnished.&#13;
&#13;
IRONMONGERY&#13;
&#13;
The best quality ironmongery to be provided of such&#13;
descriptions as may be required by the carpenter, who is to&#13;
judge of the suitableness of the same.&#13;
&#13;
ROBERT MILLS, Architect&#13;
Washington City, Jan. 3, 1851</text>
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